Illuminating motor tool



June 30, 1942. G. DALKOWITZ ILLUMINA'I'ING MOTOR TOOL 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March 10. 1939 INVENTOR. C70 reg Dal kowliz ATTORNEYS BY f June 30, 1942. D L owrrz 2,288,183

ILLUMINATING MOTOR TOOL Filed March 10, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Ticifl. C I 6 T al 82 as Tiara,

'Ggdfreg Dalkowirz ATTORNEYS Patented June 30, 1942 UNITED STATES," PATENT OFFICE ILLUIVHNA'I'HWG MOTOR TOOL Godfrey Dalkowitz, Brooklyn, N. Y., assignor to American Safety Razor Corporation, Brooklyn, N. Y., a corporation of Virginia Application March 10, 1939, Serial No. 260,907 4 Claims. '(ci. 172-36)- This invention relates to shaving appliances and more particularly to that type of shaving appliance known as dry shavers, in which the.

shaving operation is effected without the aid of shaving soaps, creams, or the like.

More specifically my invention relates to a dry shaver having incorporated therein means for means and illuminating means and a single con-- trol therefor; the provision in a dry shaver having an electric motor of the magnetic type therein, of illuminating means, and an arrangement whereby said means is energized from the motor; the provision in a dry shaver having an electric motor therein and illuminating means, of an arrangement for energizing said illuminating means from the motor at a lower voltage than is supplied to the motor; and the provision in an electrically operated dry shaver of means for eliminating interference with other apparatus, such as :radio setsand the like, when the dry shaver is connected to the same circuits therewith.

These objects and such other objects as will hereinafter appear or be pointed out, are attained in the illustrative embodiment of my invention shown in the drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a plan view of my improved dry shaver with the upper portion of the casing removed so as to expose the interior construction;

Figure 2 is a, transverse sectional view taken substantially on the line 22 of Figure 1 looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 3 is a fragmentary plan view taken substantially on the line3-3 of Figure 2, looking in the direction of the arrows, with the cover of the recess in which thelight is positioned, removed;

- Figure 4 is a view of a portion of Figure 3, with the parts of the starting mechanism in a diflerent position;

Figure 5 is a sectional view substantially on the line 55 of Figure 4, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 6 is a transverse sectional view sub stantially on the line 8-6 of Figure 1, looking in the direction of the arrows; and

Figure 7 is a diagrammatic view showing the electrical circuits.

Referring to the drawings for a detailed description of the illustrative embodiments of my invention shown therein it will be observed that I have provided a casing C adapted to receive the operative parts ofmy dry shaver and also to carry the shaving head, indicated in dot and dash lines, and designated by the letter S. The casing C is conveniently made in two parts l0 and II that may be assembled, as by screws, to form a substantially closed casing, and that is readily opened, when desired, to expose the interior mechanism.

In order to secure a casing that is as light as possible. and yet nevertheless strong to perform its function of protecting the. operating mechanism of the shaver I may make parts thereof thicker and connect these by thin webs. Among the thickened portions may be mentioned the ribs I2 and 13 which reinforce the casing and also serve to support the interior parts of the dry shaver as will hereinafter appear, and further portions H (see Figures 1 and 2) through which may pass screws Ma for fastening together the two parts It and ll of the casing C, the upper portions of these screws passing freely through one of the parts Ill and H and their lower ends being in'threaded engagement with the other of the parts HI and it.

At the midportion of each of the parts I0 and H is shown a post-like brace, these being numbered 14a and Nb respectively and being long enough to meet each other. A screw He is shown passing freely through one end threaded into the other. The value of these braces in strengthening the casing at its midportion can be readily appreciated.

The operative parts of the shaver comprise a motor adapted to actuate a lever, which latter has a portion extending into the shaver head for the purpose of imparting movement to the parts thereof. Associated with the motor is a starting mechanism for the same, and, as will appear as the description proceeds, the starting mechanism has embodied therein, or associated therewith, a

switch by means of which the current supplied to the motor may be out off when desired. Suitably housed within the confines of the casing of the dry shaver I have provided illuminating equipment adapted to illuminate the areato be shaved, and this illuminating equipment is controlled by the switch that has just been mentioned in connection with the motor and is electrically associated with the motor so that its circuits in efiect form a part of the motor circuits.

Adjunctive to the motor circuits is a system of capacitances adapted to improve the functioning mature is an unwound member of magnetic material adapted. to be given a rotating impulse whenever the field magnet is energized. By

means of a cam arrangement on the motor shaft the timing of the field circuit energizations is effected in synchronism withthe rotation of the armature, and thereby the impulses acting on the latter are so timed that continuous rotation results.

The field magnet of the motor is designated by the numeral 16. It is shown as of laminated horse-shoe construction and as resting on the ribs l2 and I3 and secured in place by screw H and I8.

A pair of insulatin plates I9 and 20 are shown supported respectively above and below the pole portions of the field magnet and within these is journalled the armature shaft 2| carrying an armature 22 shown as of hour glass form and as of laminated construction. For the purpose of energizing the field magnet I have shown a compound coil 23 mounted on the yoke portion of the field magnet, and comprising two coils 23a and 23b inductively coupled together to form a step-down transformer, of which the coil 23a is the primary and of which the coil 23b is the secondarylsee Figure 7). The coil 23b serves to energize'an incandescent filament bulb '25 the details of which and the mounting of which will be hereinafter described more fully.

The operating lever 26 is shown as having a pair of pintles 21 and 28 extending in opposite directions therefrom. The pintle 28 is journalled in the upper half of the casing l and the pintle 21 is journaled in a member 29 suitably secured to the casing section In as by screws 3|].

The inner end of the lever is suitably contoured so that its nose portion extends beneath the underside of the armature, and at this point it is provided with an enlarged head 3| having the casing, and this plate carries a conducting bracket 39 from which project a pair of resilient fingers 40 and 4|, each carrying a contact point,

respectively 42 and 43, adjacent its free end pora slot 32 therein into which projects an eccentric 33 which is shown as engaging the side wall of a slot 34 in an insulating'plate 35 suitably secured to the head 3| as by rivets 36. As the armature shaft rotates the plate 35 will be caused to move laterally by the eccentric 32 and to operate a make and break system by which the operation of the motor is efiected. At the same time, and as a further consequence, the nose portion 31 of the lever which extends into the shaving head is caused to oscillate and to reciprocate I the parts of the shaver head which it engages.

The make and break system of the motor is shown as comprising two sets .of contact points connected in series with each other and with the field coil 23a.

The details of the make and break system will now be explained with the aid of Figures 1, 2 and 6 showingthe arrangement of parts, while their function in the electrical circuits is shown in Figure 7.

' Mounted on the field magnet I 9 is shown a nonconducting plate 38, secured in place by the screws I I and l8 which serve to hold the field magnet in tion.

Carried one on each one of extensions 44 and of the plate 20 are shown brackets 45 and 41 (see Figure 6), each provided with a U-shaped end portion on the free end of which is positioned a contact point, respectively designated 48 and 49, opposed to one of the aforementioned contact points 42 and 43.

In order to permit of adjustment of the contact points 48 and 49 relatively to the contact points 42 and 43 I have shown an arrangement comprising set screws 58 and 5| which are threaded respectively through the brackets 46 and, 47 and press with their nose portions against the contact carrying legs of the brackets, the latter being made resilient so that they will follow the nose portions of the set screws and 5| as they are retracted.

The respective pairs of contacts 42 and 48, and 43 and 49 are connected in series with each other, through the conducting bracket 39 as already described, and in series vwith the coil 23a, and they are further in series with a switch 52, to be hereinafter more fully described.

*It is to be understood that when the plate 35 is in its middle position, both sets of contact points 42, 48 and 43, 49 are closed. As the plate 35 moves from its middle position it alternatively opens first one set of contact points and then the other. I

A condenser 53 (see Fig. 7) is shown shunted across both sets of contact points 42, 48 and 43, 49, and a second condenser 54 isconnected across the line. Both of these condensers in the practical embodiment of my invention are conveniently mounted so as to constitute a single unit designated by the numerals 55 (see Figures 1, 2)

The condenser 53 serves to absorb the high voltage high frequency currents that occur whenever one of the sets of contacts 42', 48 or 43, 49 is broken, and thereby the high peak voltages and the arcing effect occurring between the contacts on each break are reduced. In this ,respect its function is conventional. It has, however, the further function of reducing peak voltages on the lamp 25, which it accomplishes as a consequence of its aforementioned conventional function, because the peak voltages in thel coil 23a being reduced, the peak voltages induced in the coil 23bare likewise reduced.

The condenser 54 is intended to eliminate radio interference, that is interference with the operation of radio receiving sets connected to the same circuit. In this respect it supplements the condenser 53 which also tends to some degree to eliminate radio interference,

The condensers 53 and 54 are convenientlymounted together so as' to form a single (see Figures 1 and 2).

In order to effect these connections I have shown a pair of conductors 55 and 51 running from the terminals'58 and 59, mounted on an insulating plate 90, to the terminals of the condenser 54. The plate 60 is shown fitting into grooves in the casing sections l0 and II so as to be held in place therein when the sections are assembled. An insulating partition, 6|, shown as of sheet material suitably folded, serves to prevent contact of parts connected to the terminals58 and 59 and therebyto prevent short circuits.

unit 55 minal of the condenser 53 with the conductor 66, and through it with one terminal of coil 23a.

A condu'ctor62 is shown connecting the terminal 56 with one pole 63 of the switch 52. From the other pole 64 ofthe switch a conductor L 65 is shown running to one terminal of the field coil 23a. Conductor 66 connects the other terminal of the field coil and the contact 49, while the contact 48 is connected to the common terminal of the condensers 53 and 54,'to which the conductor 51 is also connected-by a conductor A conductor 68 connects the remaining ter- A pair of conductors'68 and is shown connecting the terminals of the coils 23b to a pair of clips ii and I2 adapted to receive the ferrules E3 of the lamp 25. Through the conductors 69 and ill the clips H and i2 and the ferrule v E8 the current from coil 23a is led into the incandescent filament H of the lamp 25, which, it will be observed, is shown as of cartridge type, comprising a transparent tubular casing having the aforementioned ferrules 13 at its ends and having a straight incandescible filament iii connected at its ends to said ferrules it. It will be observed that by this arrangement the lamp is readily inserted into the recess 16 provided in the casing section i0 for the reception of said lamp, and within which recess said clips ii and 'lZ-are mounted.

The recess 16 has an opening 16a in its foremost wall leading into a recess ill in the casing ill, and through this recess the light passes to illuminate the area of the face adjacent the shaving head S during the shaving operation. In order to increase the efliciency of this arrangement I'have shown a reflector 18 in back of the incandescent lamp 25 so positioned as to throw the light therefrom forward and through the aforementioned cut-away portion 'll.

A removable cover 19 adapted to be positioned over the top of the recess 16 is provided which prevents the escape of light in this direction and thereby limits the opening through which light is emitted to the aforementioned opening 16a of the recess. resilient extensions 80 which are adapted to spring into suitable complementary portions of the walls of the recess 16 and hold the cover in place. When it is desired to remove or insert the lamp 25 into the recess the cover is first removed. The clips H and 12 are preferably made re silient so that to insert a lamp thereinto requires merely sufficient pressure to cause them to spread and to remove the light it is merely necessary to impart sufllcient pull to overcome the resilient grip of these clips.

The reflector I8 is conveniently mounted by having one portion thereof extending laterally so that one or both of the rivets 8| that hold the clips ll and 12 in place on the casing section l8 may be passed through saidextended portions. In the drawings it is shown as having an extension passing underneath the clip 12, but not underneath the clip II.

In order to start the motor I have shown an arrangement for giving a spinning impulse to the armature and for closing the switch 62 after the armature has been given such impulse. This arrangement may comprise a toggle mechanism which tends to assume one of two liniitlng positions and during passage from one of said positions to the other serves to impart a rotating impulse to the armature shaft through mechanism associated therewith.

This cover may be provided with The starting mechanism, the details of which will be found fully illustrated in Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5 is shown as comprising first of all a lever 82 pivoted as shown at 83 to a plate 83a, suitably mounted on the field magnet l6 as by rivets 83b passing through the plate and through the magnet and the lever 82 is provided with a slot 86 into which is shown projecting a stud 85 carried by a thumb piece 86 that is slidable on the outside of the casing In as clearly shown in Figure 2. The piece 86 is mounted in'a position convenient for manipulation by the thumb of a person engaged in shaving himself, without changing his grip on the shaver.

The stud 85 passes through a "slot 8? in the ed thereon at 9| and adapted for limited angular movement about said pivot, this angular move-- ment being limited by a stop 92 carried by the lever 82 and adapted to engage suitable lugs 93 provided on the pawl 90. The pawl is further provided with an extension 94 (see Figure 5) adapted to project into the path of the teethof a ratchet 95 carried on the armature shaft 2|.

Pivotally attached to the pawl 90 at 96 is 1 shown a rod 91, the other end of which is slidable in a lug 98 provided'on one arm 99a of a bell crank lever 99 pivotally mounted at Mt] on the aforementioned plate 83b. A compression spring l'lll tends to urge the rod 91 away from lug 98 and thereby to cause the lever 82 to as- ,sume either one of the aforementioned limiting positions. Theother arm 9% of the lever 99 carries a cam block I02, preferably of insu-' lated material, that is adapted to engage a resilient extension E83 of the pole piece 53 of the switch 52,when the lever is moved into the position shown in Figure 4, and to move the same into engagement with the extension I04 of the J pole of the switch 52 and thereby to close 4 the switch.

The limiting positionsof the lever 99 are determined by a stop .member I05. e

Assuming that the parts of the starting mechanism are in the position of Figure 4, which is their operating position which they assume after the armature has been given a starting impulse, if it is desired to stop the shaver the parts must be moved into the position of Figure 3. This is done by moving the thumb piece 86 from the dot I02 releases the extension I03 of the switch 52 g and the switch opens. During this movement the lug 94 of the pawl is outside of. the path of the teeth of the ratchet 95, this being due to the V pivotal movement of the pawl about the pivot 9|.

In order to start the motor the parts are On moving the thumb plece' brought from the position of Figure 3 to that of I Figure 4. This is accomplished by moving-the thumb piece 86 from its full line position in Figure 2 to its dotted line position in said figure.

' 95 and with it the armature shaft as the lever moves from its position of .Figure 3 to that of Figure 4. Shortly after the spinning movement ceive said pin in slidable engagement, and a coil spring carried by said pin and acting between said pin and said member so as to tend to cause the pin, the member, the pawl and the lever to move to one side or the other of a dead center position, complementarymeans on said pawl and on the rotor shaft of the motor for causing rotation of the rotor shaft when-the pawl is moved and said complementary means are in 'interengagement, whereby when said thumb-piece is slid in one direction the pawl of the ratchet 95 has begun the cam block IBZ- of the lever 99 will move into a position in which it will close the switch as shown in Figure 4.

They eifect of the movement of the armature concurrently with the closingof the switch will 1 have the effect of causing the motor to start,

in accordance with the well known principles goterning motors of this type. 3

While I have herein disclosed one embodiment of my invention it will be understood that the same may be embodied in many other forms without departing from the spirit thereof, as will be obvious to those skilledin the art, and that the disclosure herein is illustrative merely and is not to be interpreted in a limiting sense, and that I do not limit myself other than as called for by the prior art.

Having thus described my invention and illustrated its use, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In combination, a motor, a casing to house the parts thereof in the form of a shell composed of two interfitting sections, and apair of opposed rod-like members projecting from the midportions of the interior walls of said sections, so as to meet and thereby to constitute a pillar-like strut resisting collapse of the casing.

2. Starting means for an electric motor of the impulse type, said means comprising a casing for the motor, a thumb-piece,.a slidable mounting for said thumb-piece in said casing, a lever, a mounting for'said lever for supporting it in pivotal relation to the motor, a connection between said thumb-piece and said lever whereby when the thumb-piece is moved said lever will be. moved about its pivot, said connection comprising a slot in one of said members anda pin in the other of said membersengaging said slot, a pawl pivotally mounted on said lever at a point removed from the pivot of said lever, a pin having one 'end' pivoted to the pawl, a switch for the motor circuit mounted in the casing, a member pivoted on the motor frame forclosing said switch, an opening in said member to rewill act to give a starting impulse to the rotor shaft and the member will act to close the switch, while when said thumb-piece is moved in the opposite direction the switch will be opened.

3. Starting means for an electric motor of the impulse type, said means comprising a thumbpiece, a slidable mounting for said thumb-piece,

a pivotally mounted lever, a connection between said thumb-piece and said lever whereby when the thumb-piece is moved said lever will be moved about its pivot, a pawl pivotally mounted on said lever at a point removed from the pivot of said lever, a pin having one end pivoted to the pawl, a switch for the motor circuit, a member pivoted on the motor frame for closing said switch, an opening in said member to receive said pin in slidable engagement, and a coil spring carried by said pin and acting between said pin and said member so as to cause it to move to one side or the'other of a dead center position, complementary means on said pawl and on the rotor shaft of the motor for causing rotation of the rotor shaft when the pawl is moved and said complementary means are in interengagement,"

each other and with the field coil, and the con-v tacts of each pair being normally closed and mechanism operated from the armature shaft for alternately opening said contacts, asecond coil magnetically coupled to said first coil, means for converting electricity into light connected across said second coil, a capacitance connected across said interrupting means, and a capacitance connected across the input terminals of the motor.

GODFREY DALKOWITZ. 

